Abstract: In the whole process of agricultural production，machine vision has a huge development space and market prospect in agricultural intelligent equipment，such as crop seed screening and detection，information detection in the process of crop growth，control of diseases，insects and weeds，nondestructive detection of fruits and mechanized picking.Application characteristics and advantages of various vision sensors and image segmentation algorithms in the process of image acquisition and processing were introduced，and existing problems in application of machine vision technology in agricultural engineering and future development direction were put forward，so as to provide reference for further realization of precision agriculture and agricultural automation.