Effects of Different Subsoiling Machines on Wheat Growth and Yield
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摘要:
为探索不同深松机作业对小麦生长发育和产量的影响,进一步证实深松对小麦生长的作用,在石家庄市藁城区对不同类型深松机进行作业试验。结果表明:4个处理的株高与对照组之间差异不大,均为66~68 cm;翼铲深松机处理穗数最高,较对照组高6.3%;翼铲深松机处理穗粒数最高,较对照组高1.9%;振动深松机处理千粒质量最高,较对照组高11.3%;振动深松机处理的理论产量最高,较对照组高10.5%。试验结果可以说明深松对小麦的生长发育和产量有明显的促进作用。
Abstract:In order to explore effect of different subsoiling machines on growth and yield of wheat and further confirm effect of subsoiling on growth of wheat, different types of subsoiling machines were tested in Gaocheng District of Shijiazhuang City.Results showed that there was no significant difference in plant height between four treatments and control group, which was 66~68 cm.Number of ears treated by wing shovel subsoiler was the highest, 6.3% higher than that of control group.Number of grains per ear in wing shovel subsoiler treatment was the highest, 1.9% higher than that of control group.Quality of 1000 seeds treated by vibratory subsoiling machine was the highest, which was 11.3% higher than that of control group.Theoretical output of vibratory subsoiler treatment was the highest, 10.5% higher than that of control group.Results showed that subsoiling could significantly promote growth and yield of wheat.
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Keywords:
- subsoiling machine /
- wheat /
- growth and development /
- yield
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表 1 生育期
Table 1. Growth period
项目 出苗
日期越冬
日期返青
日期起身
日期抽穗
日期成熟
日期生育期
时间/d曲面深松机 11.1 12.29 3.5 4.4 4.30 6.6 225 振动深松机 11.1 11.29 3.5 4.4 4.30 6.6 225 翼铲深松机 11.1 11.29 3.5 4.4 4.30 6.6 225 动力驱动耙 11.1 11.29 3.5 4.4 4.30 6.6 225 对照组 11.1 11.29 3.5 4.4 4.30 6.6 225 表 2 越冬期调查结果
Table 2. Survey results in overwintering period
项目 平均单株
分蘖数叶片数 平均单株次
生根株高/
cm茎数/
(万株·hm−2)曲面深松机 0 3 0 7 444 振动深松机 0 3 0 8 537 翼铲深松机 0 3 0 8 534 动力驱动耙 0 3 0 8 467 对照组 0 3 0 8 466 表 3 生育期茎数
Table 3. Stem number in growth period
单位:万株/hm2 项目 出苗期 越冬期 返青期 起身期 抽穗期 曲面深松机 451.5 444 444 1596.3 790.2 振动深松机 456.0 467 467 1647.6 806.7 翼铲深松机 525.0 534 534 1710.0 804.6 动力驱动耙 453.0 466 466 1630.8 765.5 对照组 453.0 466 466 1449.6 756.9 表 4 生长状况和产量
Table 4. Growth status and yield
项目 株高/cm 穗数/(万穗·hm−2) 穗粒数 千粒质量/g 理论产量/(kg·hm−2) 实际产量/(kg·hm−2) 曲面深松机 67 790.20 29.3 35.89 7062.75 6492.90 振动深松机 66 776.70 30.8 35.97 7314.00 6595.05 翼铲深松机 68 804.60 31.2 32.40 6913.50 6329.85 动力驱动耙 67 765.45 31.1 34.88 7057.80 6446.25 对照组 66 756.90 30.6 32.30 6358.95 5964.75 表 5 土壤容重
Table 5. Soil bulk density
单位:g/cm3 项目 播种前 返青期 收获后 0~10 cm 10~20 cm 20~30 cm 0~10 cm 10~20 cm 20~30 cm 0~10 cm 10~20 cm 20~30 cm 曲面深松机 1.33 1.35 1.35 1.03 1.27 1.33 1.49 1.50 1.35 振动深松机 1.33 1.35 1.35 1.39 1.26 1.46 1.12 1.46 1.36 翼铲深松机 1.33 1.35 1.35 1.20 1.35 1.57 1.27 1.34 1.44 动力驱动耙 1.33 1.35 1.35 1.34 1.57 1.50 1.34 1.23 1.48 对照组 1.33 1.35 1.35 1.13 1.24 1.56 1.27 1.34 1.50 表 6 土壤水分
Table 6. Soil moisture
单位:% 项目 播种前 返青期 收获后 0~10 cm 10~20 cm 20~30 cm 0~10 cm 10~20 cm 20~30 cm 0~10 cm 10~20 cm 20~30 cm 曲面深松机 29.18 25.36 26.09 21.40 21.90 22.60 10.33 12.19 12.37 振动深松机 29.18 25.36 26.09 21.10 21.30 22.30 6.97 12.72 13.05 翼铲深松机 29.18 25.36 26.09 19.20 20.00 20.10 10.09 12.39 16.72 动力驱动耙 29.18 25.36 26.09 20.97 20.30 19.40 4.64 10.34 13.14 对照组 29.18 25.36 26.09 22.60 22.10 19.10 6.20 10.97 9.94 -
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