Herbicides Screening and Safety Evaluation for Foxtail Millet
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摘要:
为筛选谷田安全、高效除草剂,选用目前生产上常用的4种谷田双子叶除草剂和课题组研发的双子叶除草剂“谷草清”,分别与烯禾啶配合使用,研究推荐剂量、推荐剂量1.5倍和推荐剂量2.0倍3种情况下,对杂草的防效和抗烯禾啶品种冀谷42产量的影响,从中筛选出最佳除草剂组合为“谷草清+烯禾啶”。在此基础上进一步进行安全性试验,以谷草清的推荐剂量1800 mL/hm2为基础,设置1.0、1.5、2.0、3.0、4.0和5.0倍不同的喷施浓度,即1800、2700、3600、5400、7200和9000 mL/hm2。喷施除草剂后,冀谷42均能正常生长,未见明显药害。药后30 d,9000 mL/hm2以内的喷药植株苗高和鲜质量均高于空白对照,3倍喷施剂量(5400 mL/hm2)以内的植株苗高和鲜质量均高于人工除草对照。5倍喷施剂量(9000 mL/hm2)以内的植株株高、穗长、产量与空白对照差异显著,与人工除草对照差异不显著。
Abstract:For screening of safe and efficient herbicides to foxtail millet, four kinds of millet dicotyledon herbicides and 'Gucaoqing' in combination with sethoxydim were used to study their weed control effect and yield for sethoxydim-resistant millet variety Jigu 42. Herbicides under recommended dosage, 1.5 times recommended dosage and 2.0 times recommended dosage were studied separately. "Gucaoqing + sethoxydim" was selected as the best herbicide combination. On this basis, further safety tests were carried out. Based on recommended dosage of Gucaoqing 1800 mL/hm2, different spraying concentrations of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 times were set, namely 1800, 2700, 3600, 5400, 7200 and 9000 mL/hm2. After spraying herbicides, Jigu 42 could grow normally, and no obvious phytotoxicity was seen. Thirty days after treatment, height and fresh weight of sprayed plants within 9000 mL/hm2 were higher than blank control, and seedling height and fresh weight of plants within 3 times spraying dose(5400 mL/hm2)were higher than artificial weeding control. Plant height, ear length, and yield within 5 times spraying dose(9000 mL/hm2)were significantly different from blank control, but not significantly different from artificial weeding control.
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Keywords:
- foxtail millet /
- herbicide /
- safety /
- Jigu 42
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表 1 除草剂种类及剂量
Table 1. Herbicide type and dosage
除草剂种类 除草剂剂量 序号 除草剂 序号 剂量 A1 谷草清+烯禾啶 B1 谷草清(1 800 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B2 谷草清(2 700 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B3 谷草清(3 600 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) A2 噻吩磺隆+烯禾啶 B1 噻吩磺隆(120 g/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B2 噻吩磺隆(180 g/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B3 噻吩磺隆(240 g/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) A3 辛酰溴苯腈+烯禾啶 B1 辛酰溴苯腈(1 350 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B2 辛酰溴苯腈(2 025 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B3 辛酰溴苯腈(2 700 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) A4 氯氟吡氧乙酸+烯禾啶 B1 氯氟吡氧乙酸(1 050 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B2 氯氟吡氧乙酸(1 575 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B3 氯氟吡氧乙酸(2 100 mL/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) A5 二甲四氯钠+烯禾啶 B1 二甲四氯钠(2 100 g/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B2 二甲四氯钠(3 150 g/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) B3 二甲四氯钠(4 200 g/hm2)+烯禾啶(1 500 mL/hm2) 表 2 5组除草剂杂草防效和产量比较
Table 2. Comparison of 5 groups of herbicides for weed control and yield
项目 A1(谷草清
+烯禾啶)A2(噻吩磺隆
+烯禾啶)A3(辛酰溴苯腈
+烯禾啶)A4(氯氟吡氧乙酸
+烯禾啶)A5(二甲四氯钠
+烯禾啶)空白对照 人工除草
对照药后14 d株数防效/% B1 85.67 63.67 67.00 73.33 63.33 0 100.0 B2 88.33 66.33 68.67 81.33 73.33 / / B3 86.33 70.00 68.33 82.67 70.00 / / 药后28 d株数防效/% B1 84.67 81.00 65.33 83.67 66.33 0 83.3 B2 88.33 79.33 72.00 82.00 65.33 / / B3 88.00 80.33 70.00 85.00 62.67 / / 药后28 d鲜质量防效/% B1 91.77 77.74 77.74 83.10 78.84 0 80.6 B2 89.13 83.52 68.42 82.06 73.13 / / B3 92.97 83.29 78.55 87.10 74.94 / / 产量/(kg·hm−2) B1 6556.1 6035.9 6137.0 6010.5 3792.3 3840.0 6217.5 B2 6270.3 6035.9 6086.4 6162.7 4191.8 / / B3 6261.6 6152.0 6135.3 6062.7 3430.8 / 表 3 谷草清对冀谷42株高和产量的影响
Table 3. Effect of 'Gucaoqing' on height and yield to Jigu 42
除草剂/(mL·hm−2) 株高/cm 穗长cm 穗径/cm 产量/(kg·hm−2) 谷草清+烯禾啶 1800+1500 127.1±5.4a 19.1±1.1a 3.0±0.1a 7005.0±169.5a 2700+1500 124.8±3.8ab 18.9±1.8a 3.0±0.1a 6667.5±147.5ab 3600+1500 123.5±4.1ab 19.6±1.4a 2.8±0.2ab 6730.5±183.0ab 5400+1500 123.9±3.9ab 18.6±2.1a 2.8±0.2ab 6594.0±211.5ab 7200+1500 122.9±5.2ab 19.5±1.9a 2.7±0.2ab 6456.0±183.0ab 9000+1500 120.2±4.3b 19.3±1.5a 2.8±0.1ab 6430.5±195.0b 空白对照 113.9±4.1c 19.1±1.9a 2.4±0.2b 4945.5±128.0c 人工除草对照 124.7±3.6ab 19.7±1.8a 2.9±0.2ab 6868.5±163.5ab 注:表中数据为平均值±标准差;同一列不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。 -
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