Pressure Bearing Properties and Crack Path Orientation of Mussel Shell
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摘要:
为降低贻贝加工过程中的碎壳率，提升贻贝及相关贝类精加工生产线的技术水平，以厚壳贻贝为研究对象，通过Thunk3D扫描仪逆向建模得到贻贝贝壳的三维模型，对贝壳模型进行静力学受力仿真，分析贝壳受力后形变位移的分布特点；使用拉压力试验机对贻贝贝壳进行整体曲面承压试验，计算得出贻贝贝壳的承压性能，结合仿真结果分析碎壳贻贝裂纹路径的取向特征。结果表明：在壳高方向受压力时，贝壳整体曲面平均极限承压载荷为550 N左右，极限载荷下最大形变为1.3 mm，承压性能约为3.12 MPa；裂纹延伸分布具有明显的取向性，60%以上的裂纹分布在沿贻贝贝壳长方向中轴±20°范围内。贻贝贝壳承压性能和裂纹路径取向分布规律的确定，可为贻贝及相关贝类加工设备的施力结构优化提供参考。
Abstract:In order to reduce shell crushing rate during mussel processing and improve technical level of mussel and related shellfish finishing production line, taking thick shell mussel as research object, three-dimensional model of mussel shell was obtained through reverse modeling of Thunk3D scanner．Static stress simulation of shell model was carried out to analyze distribution characteristics of deformation and displacement of shell after stress．Whole curved surface pressure bearing experiment of mussel shell was carried out by using tensile pressure testing machine, and pressure bearing performance of mussel shell was calculated．Combined with simulation results, orientation characteristics of crack path of broken mussel shell were analyzed．Results showed that when the shell was under pressure in high direction, average ultimate bearing load of overall surface of the shell was about 550 N, the maximum deformation under ultimate load was about 1.3 mm, and bearing performance was about 3.12 MPa．Crack extension distribution had obvious orientation, and more than 60% of the cracks were distributed in range of ±20° along rectangular central axis of mussel shell．Determination of pressure bearing properties and crack path orientation distribution of mussel shell could provide an important reference for optimization of force application structure of mussel and related shellfish processing equipment．
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Keywords:
- mussel /
- pressure bearing /
- simulation /
- crack orientation /
- shell crushing rate
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图 3 贻贝贝壳承压状态及形变位移
Figure 3. Pressure state and deformation displacement of mussel shell
表 1 仿真结果与试验数据对比
Table 1. Comparison between simulation results and experimental data
载荷/N 贝壳形变位移/mm 误差率/% 仿真值 试验值 100 0.24 0.44 45.4 200 0.48 0.73 34.2 300 0.72 0.89 19.1 400 0.96 1.00 4.0 500 1.26 1.19 5.8 
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表 2 碎壳贻贝裂纹坐标
Table 2. Crack coordinates of broken shell mussel
试验
编号实际
壳长标定
参数统计坐标 （X1，Y1） （X2，Y2） （X3，Y3） 1 81.0 0.97 （9.7，14.5） （18.4，32.0） （34.9，52.3） 2 88.5 1.06 （−23.3，8.4） （−16.9，38.1） （−1.0，64.6） 3 80.0 0.96 （−23，11.5） （−15.3，30.7） （−1.9，42.2） 4 75.5 0.91 （−5.4，26.3） （−15.4，28.1） （−30.9，56.4） 5 82.0 0.99 （−10.8，19.8） （−19.8，25.7） （−15.8，81.1） 6 83.0 1.00 （−20.0，5.0） （−19.0，30.0） （−4.0，44.0） 7 85.5 1.03 （13.3，1.0） （22.6，39.1） （41.2，72.1） 8 82.0 0.99 （−25.7，4.9） （−12.8，36.6） （−31.6，72.2） 9 81.5 0.98 （8.8，17.6） （15.6，44.1） （23.5，82.3） 10 85.2 1.02 （9.1，16.3） （17.3，40.8） （6.1，38.7）
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