Abstract: To realize varieties identification of pecan（Carya cathayensis Sarg．）, near infrared spectroscopy of 100 samples from four kinds of pecans, including Zhejiang Lin'an pecan, Anhui Ningguo pecan, American pecan and Sichuan pecan, were collected．To achieve visualization of spectral differences, principal component analysis（PCA）was carried out on experimental data．It was found that spectral principal component analysis after standard normal variate transformation（SNV）processing could basically identify four different kinds of pecans．To improve accuracy of the model, linear discriminant analysis after principal component analysis（PCA-LDA）was applied to near infrared spectroscopy．It was found that varieties identification accuracy of correction set and verification set reached 100%．Results showed that near infrared spectroscopy could effectively identify pecan varieties．