两种花生收获机作业性能对比试验

刘晓冬

doi:10.19998/j.cnki.2095-1795.2022.S1.002

两种花生收获机作业性能对比试验

doi: 10.19998/j.cnki.2095-1795.2022.S1.002

刘晓冬

北京市大兴区农业机械化技术推广站，北京 102612

详细信息

作者简介:
刘晓冬，工程师，主要从事农业机械化技术研究与推广工作E-mail：408723270@qq.com

中图分类号: S225.73
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- 文章访问数: 16
- HTML全文浏览量: 5
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-03
- 修回日期: 2022-10-25
- 出版日期: 2022-11-30

Operating Performance Comparison Test of Two Peanut Harvesters

LIU Xiaodong

Daxing District Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station，Beijing 102612，China

摘要

摘要:
为了提高北京市大兴区花生种植机械化水平，北京市大兴区农业机械化技术推广站对花生收获机进行了大量的调查研究，通过对配套动力、损失率、可靠性及利用率等重要指标的分析，最终优选出山东常林农业装备有限公司生产的SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机和河北永发鸿田农机制造有限公司生产的4HS-2型高效花生收获机作为试验研究对象。通过田间性能试验，对比分析了两种花生收获机的损失率、摘果率、破损率、含杂率和工作效率，证明SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机的各种性能均优于4HS-2型高效花生收获机，为SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机在大兴区的大面积推广应用提供了较好的试验依据。
- 花生 /
- 花生收获机 /
- 联合收获机 /
- 分段收获机 /
- 田间性能试验
Abstract:
In order to improve mechanization level of peanut planting in Daxing District of Beijing City, Daxing District Agricultural Mechanization Technology Extension Station of Beijing City conducted a lot of investigation and research on peanut harvesters． Supporting power, loss rate, reliability, utilization rate and other important indicators were analyzed． Finally, SH4HZ-2 peanut combine harvester produced by Shandong Changlin Agricultural Equipment Co., Ltd． and 4HS-2 high-efficiency peanut harvester produced by Hebei Yongfa Hongtian Agricultural Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd． were selected as experimental research objects． Through field performance test, loss rate, fruit picking rate, damage rate, impurity content rate and working efficiency of two peanut harvesters were compared and analyzed． It was proved that performance of SH4HZ-2 peanut combine harvester was better than that of 4HS-2 efficient peanut harvester, which provided a good test basis for large-scale popularization and application of SH4HZ-2 peanut combine harvester in Daxing District of Beijing City．
- peanut /
- peanut harvester /
- combine harvester /
- sectional harvester /
- field performance test

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图 1 SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机

Figure 1. SH4HZ-2 peanut combine harvester

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图 2 SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机结构组成

1. 提升器　2. 变速箱　3. 振动筛　4. 摘果器　5. 碎土器　6. 夹秧输送系统　7. 挖掘铲　8. 限深轮　9. 分秧器

Figure 2. Structural composition of SH4HZ-2 peanut combine harvester

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图 3 4HS-2 型高效花生收获机

Figure 3. 4HS-2 high efficiency peanut harvester

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图 4 摘果率对比

Figure 4. Comparison of fruit picking rate

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图 5 总损失率对比

Figure 5. Comparison of total loss rate

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图 6 破损率对比

Figure 6. Comparison of breakage rate

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图 7 含杂率对比

Figure 7. Comparison of impurity content

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表 1 主要技术性能参数

Table 1. Main technical performance parameters

主要指标	SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机	4HS-2型高效花生收获机
收获行数	2	2
收获机型	自走式	悬挂式
收获行距/mm	250～350	200～300
配套动力/kW	20.6	22.1
工作效率/（hm²•h⁻¹）[（亩•h⁻¹）]	0.07～0.17（1.0～2.5）	0.13～0.27（2～4）
摘果率/%	≥98	≥98
总损失率/%	≤2.0	≤4.6
破损率/%	≤1	≤1
含杂率/%	≤4.0	≤13.5
外形尺寸/（mm×mm×mm）	4 100×1 800×2 070	2 320×1 080×1 030
整机质量/kg	1 880	320

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表 2 参试机具试验结果

Table 2. Test results of tested machines

序号	SH4HZ-2型花生联合收获机				4HS-2型高效花生收获机
序号	摘果率/%	总损失率/%	破损率/%	含杂率/%	摘果率/%	总损失率/%	破损率/%	含杂率/%
1	98.1	1.42	0.87	3.78	97.8	2.53	0.94	9.45
2	98.3	1.28	0.78	3.68	98.2	2.62	0.91	10.15
3	98.5	1.26	0.82	3.72	98.1	2.46	0.86	9.68
4	98.8	1.34	0.84	3.81	98.6	2.51	0.89	9.76
5	98.6	1.32	0.76	3.75	98.5	2.57	0.87	9.98
平均值	98.460	1.324	0.814	3.748	98.240	2.538	0.894	9.804
工作效率/（hm²•h⁻¹）[（亩•h⁻¹）]	0.13（2）				0.20（3）

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