淡水精养池塘氮收支及氮管理措施

赵巧娥

doi:10.19998/j.cnki.2095-1795.2022.S1.007

淡水精养池塘氮收支及氮管理措施

doi: 10.19998/j.cnki.2095-1795.2022.S1.007

赵巧娥

北京市丰台区农业技术推广中心，北京 100071

详细信息

作者简介:
赵巧娥，工程师，主要从事水产动物营养与饲料工艺研究、技术推广E-mail：qiaoezhaoeryue@163.com

中图分类号: S964.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 23
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 5
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-13
- 修回日期: 2022-10-27
- 出版日期: 2022-11-30

Nitrogen Budget and Management Measures of Freshwater Fine Culture Pond

ZHAO Qiaoe

Fengtai District Agricultural Technology Promotion Center，Beijing 100071，China

摘要

摘要:
除氧外，对水产品生产效率影响最大的因素是氮的转化。池塘精养为我国水产品最主要的索取形式，分析个体或池塘的氮收支，探索提高氮转化效率的途径，对食物保障、农产品品质提升、环境与生态资源保护都具有重要意义。概述了精养池塘氮收支、鱼类氮收支的一般规律，以及氨氮、亚硝态氮的产生、转化、危害和常见处理措施，并对池塘氮管理方案提出问题与展望。
- 水产养殖 /
- 氮收支 /
- 池塘 /
- 氨态氮 /
- 亚硝态氮 /
- 微生态制剂
Abstract:
In addition to oxygen, the most important impact facter on aquaculture was conversion efficiency of nitrogen． In China, pond culture was the highest proportion of aquaculture yield． Analyzing nitrogen budget of individuals or ponds and exploring ways to improve nitrogen conversion efficiency are of great significance for food security, agricultural product quality improvement, and environmental and ecological resource protection． General rules of nitrogen budget in intensive pond and fish, as well as production, transformation, harm and common treatment measures of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, were summarized． Problems and prospects of nitrogen management plan in pond were put forward．
- aquaculture /
- nitrogen budget /
- pond /
- ammonium nitrogen /
- nitrite nitrogen /
- microecological preparation

HTML全文

图 1 精养池塘氮循环示意

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of nitrogen cycle in fine culture pond

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图 2 池塘牧食食物链和腐屑食物链

Figure 2. Food chain of pond grazing and food chain of decaying debris

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图 3 TAN毒性

Figure 3. Toxicity of TAN

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图 4 池塘磷收支示意

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of pond phosphorus budget

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表 1 水产动物饲料粗蛋白、氮元素及动物蛋白含量

Table 1. Crude protein，nitrogen element and animal protein content of aquatic animal feed 单位：%

项目	植食性鱼		杂食性鱼		肉食性鱼		甲壳动物
项目	苗种	成鱼	苗种	成鱼	苗种	成鱼	龙虾/河蟹	对虾
饲料CP	30～32	28～30	32～36	30～34	42～50	40～48	28～40	36～44
氮元素含量	4.80～5.12	4.48～4.80	5.12～5.76	4.80～5.44	6.72～8.00	6.40～7.68	4.48～6.40	5.75～7.04
鱼粉用量	2～5	0～3	4～12	2～10	24～48	20～46	0～14	12～32
动物原料量	5～10	2～7	10～18	8～18	38～58	32～54	12～26	24～42

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