基于物联网和PLC的农田智能节水灌溉系统设计

周艳梅

doi:10.19998/j.cnki.2095-1795.2023.01.007

基于物联网和PLC的农田智能节水灌溉系统设计

doi: 10.19998/j.cnki.2095-1795.2023.01.007

周艳梅

菏泽市东明县水务局，山东菏泽 274500

详细信息

作者简介:
周艳梅，高级工程师，主要从事农田水利、水资源管理研究E-mail：254981849@qq.com

中图分类号: S275
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- 文章访问数: 42
- HTML全文浏览量: 9
- PDF下载量: 21
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-20
- 修回日期: 2022-09-22
- 出版日期: 2023-01-20

Design on Farmland Intelligent Water-saving Irrigation System Based on Internet of Things and PLC

ZHOU Yanmei

Dongming County Water Affairs Bureau，Heze Shandong 274500，China

摘要

摘要:
针对当前灌溉技术采用定时人工整体灌溉，不能根据土壤含水情况进行节水控制，存在浪费水资源的问题，基于物联网和可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）设计了一种新型农田智能节水灌溉系统，从硬件和软件两部分进行优化研究。系统硬件由中央处理器、PLC模块、射频信号传感器、土壤传感器和温度传感器组成。系统内部PLC模块负责控制节水灌溉架构，将农田监测终端收集到的信号在微处理器中进行转化，转变为计算机系统可以辨识的脉冲信号。通过计算，确定适宜的浇水量和灌水时机，采用CC2591型射频信号传感器提高传感速度，选用HL-TTN1型土壤传感器检测土壤含水量，选用PT100型传感器检测温度。通过物联网针对灌溉土地进行网格化处理，采集土壤含水量、空气温度等环境参数，利用Zigbee协同开关设置节水灌溉程序。试验结果表明，基于物联网和PLC的农田智能节水施灌系统土壤含水量误差＜2%，远程网格节水控制准确度高达98%，达到高产、高效、优质用水的效果。
- 节水灌溉 /
- 智能化 /
- 灌溉系统 /
- 物联网 /
- 可编程逻辑控制器
Abstract:
In view of fact that current irrigation technology adopts timed artificial overall irrigation, water saving control cannot be carried out according to soil water content, and there is a problem of wasting water resources, based on internet of things and programmable logic controller（PLC）, a new intelligent water-saving irrigation system for farmland was designed．Optimization study was carried out in two parts．System hardware was mainly composed of a central processing unit, PLC module, radio frequency signal sensor, soil sensor, and temperature sensor．The PLC module inside system was mainly responsible for controlling water-saving irrigation structure．Signals collected on farmland monitoring terminal were stored in microprocessor to achieve conversion into a pulse signal that can be recognized by a computer system．The most suitable watering amount and timing were calculated by computer, CC2591 RF signal sensor was used to improve sensing speed, HL-TTN1 soil sensor was selected to detect soil water content, and PT100 sensor was used to detect temperature．Through the internet of things, grid processing was performed for land that needs to be irrigated, sensors were collected to test environmental parameters such as soil water content and air temperature, and Zigbee collaborative switch was used to set water-saving irrigation program．Experimental results showed that soil water content calculation error of farmland intelligent water-saving irrigation system based on internet of things and PLC could reach target value within 2%, which was efficient, high-quality water effects．
- water-saving irrigation /
- intelligence /
- irrigation system /
- internet of things /
- PLC

HTML全文

图 1 系统硬件结构

Figure 1. Structure of system hardware

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图 2 射频信号传感器示意

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of RF signal sensor

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图 3 射频信号传感器电路

Figure 3. RF signal sensor circuit

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图 4 GPRS物联网格坐标定位流程

Figure 4. GPRS internet of things grid coordinate positioning flow

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图 5 试验示意

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of experiment

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图 6 网格定位精准度

Figure 6. Grid positioning accuracy

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表 1 土壤含水量测试结果

Table 1. Test results of soil moisture

时间/min	含水量/%
时间/min	节点1	节点2
5	31.5	32.7
10	32.4	34.8
15	34.2	36.9
20	36.8	37.5
25	37.9	38.4
30	38.7	39.6

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表 2 远程网格节水控制准确度试验结果

Table 2. Experimental results of remote grid water-saving control accuracy

样本点	自动灌溉水量/t	理论值/t	误差值/t
1	1.254	1.249	0.005
2	2.589	2.584	0.004
3	1.693	1.705	0.012
4	1.258	1.259	0.001
5	1.443	1.451	0.008
6	1.258	1.253	0.005
7	1.475	1.470	0.005
8	5.251	5.250	0.001
9	5.369	5.363	0.006
10	4.258	4.254	0.004
11	2.693	2.690	0.003
12	2.416	2.411	0.005
13	3.584	3.571	0.013
14	3.284	3.275	0.009
15	3.669	3.651	0.018

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