Abstract: Promoting development of agricultural modernization is goal of agricultural development in Gansu Province．Agricultural modernization evaluation index system was constructed from three dimensions: agricultural input level, agricultural output level and agricultural sustainable development level, and agricultural modernization development level of Gansu Province from 2008 to 2020 was evaluated by entropy weight TOPSIS model．Research has found that development of agricultural modernization in Gansu Province was relatively slow, with a overall low comprehensive index．Cities and prefectures within Gansu Province have shown differentiated development, with Jiayuguan City and Jiuquan City leading the way, followed closely by Wuwei City, Jinchang City, and Zhangye City．Lanzhou City, Baiyin City, Tianshui City, Qingyang City, Dingxi City, and Longnan City had average levels of agricultural modernization development, while Pingliang City, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture were at the end of the province．Among them, level of sustainable agricultural development in all cities and prefectures of Gansu Province was not ideal．Total power of agricultural machinery per unit cultivated land area, effective irrigation rate and annual training of agricultural machinery personnel were important influencing factors of agricultural modernization development．It was suggested that Gansu should increase input of agricultural machinery, promote development of agricultural modernization according to local conditions and attract return of rural labor force and so on．