Abstract: Biomass pellet fuel is a solid pellet fuel that presses or squeeze biomass into large volume density, high thermal efficiency and easy transportation storage using mechanical force．It is a clean alternative energy of coal, and has been widely used in industrial and thermal power generation．According to combustion characteristics of biomass pellet fuel, a cooking stove for rural areas was designed, and its performance was tested．Test results showed that, thermal efficiency was 30.7%, heating rate was 24.4～25.7 °C / min, the highest temperature in the furnace was 709 °C, the highest temperature of chimney outlet flue gas was 286 °C, and concentration range of O₂ and CO in flue gas composition was from 9.8% to 17.4% and from 23 to 886 mg/m³, meeting performance requirements of civil cooking stoves．It could provide a theoretical basis for design of rural civil biomass pellet fuel cooking stove．