Abstract: At present, straw returning machines used in the Chinese market use a high-speed rotating combination of moving and stationary blades to crush straw．However, due to different moisture content of straw in different plots, a single crushing method cannot control length of crushed straw．Longer straw cannot be covered by soil during subsequent plowing, crushing, and mixing operations, resulting in more exposed straw that is less prone to decay, seriously affecting next round of sowing operations．A straw fine crushing double row fixed blade returning machine has been studied and designed, which improved its adaptability to straw by combining front and rear double row fixed blades with straw fine crushing blade rollers．