Abstract: Based on climate data and geographic information data of Shawan City and its surrounding 15 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2020, the 1∶50000 DEM data in Xinjiang was converted into a resolution of 100 m× 100 m by using ArcGIS10.0 spatial analysis technology digital elevation, by using methods such as geostatistical regression and inverse distance weighting, a spatial analysis and calculation model was constructed for indicators such as accumulated temperature ≥10 °C, frost free period, and average temperature in July, as well as geographical factors, combined with cotton zoning index level, refined climate zoning for cotton planting in Shawan City was calculated．Zoning results indicated that it was divided into four zones: suitable cotton area, sub suitable cotton area, risk cotton area, and unsuitable cotton area．Suitable cotton areas were mainly distributed in the northern area of Wukui Expressway between 490 m and 600 m above sea level in Shawan County, including plain area near Anjihai Town, Sandaohezi Town, Wulan Wusu Town and Mushu Lake Reservoir．The sub-suitable cotton area was mainly distributed near southern part of the Wukui Expressway at an altitude of 600 m to 700 m in Shawan County．The risk cotton area was mainly distributed in piedmont sloping plain in south of the Wukui Expressway in Shawan County with an altitude of 700 m to 800 m．Non-cotton areas were mainly distributed in southern mountainous areas of Shawan County with an altitude of more than 800 m．Research results could provide scientific basis for adjustment of local agricultural planting layout．