Abstract: Focusing on issues of disorderly discharge of vegetable straw waste, secondary environmental pollution, and low resource utilization rate, an evaluation and countermeasures were proposed for ecological and environmental effects, farmers, and policies in process of resource utilization of vegetable straw waste from a macro and multi-dimensional perspective．It is of great significance to improve rural living environment, cultivate new farmers, suppress straw burning, promote energy conservation, carbon sequestration and emission reduction, improve ecological environment of agriculture and rural areas, enhance local and national level of vegetable straw waste treatment, and promote sustainable development of beautiful rural areas．