Abstract: Visible near-infrared（VIS-NIR）spectroscopy technology is currently mainstream rapid non-destructive testing technology for internal and external quality of fruits and vegetables．Electromagnetic waves in wavelength range of 380 to 2500 nm are used to obtain characteristics of hydrogen-containing groups of organic molecules in fruits and vegetables．Based on absorption information of samples to different wavelengths of light, qualitative and quantitative analysis of external and internal defects and nutrient contents of fruits and vegetables are achieved．Latest detection models, variable screening models, and their detection accuracy used in quantitative analysis and qualitative defect analysis of fruit and vegetable nutrient content based on absorbance spectrum and energy spectrum were reviewed, providing technical support for relevant scientists to select efficient and accurate detection models．