Abstract: Problems such as low output rate of scientific research and low originality of scientific research results in training process of existing agricultural engineering graduate students have frequently appeared, which has a greater impact on quality training of postgraduate education in China．In view of above problems, TRIZ innovation theory was introduced to conduct research and practice on teaching reform and innovation ability training mode of graduate students based on research objects of agricultural engineering graduate students of Henan University of Science and Technology, and four aspects of forward-looking and innovative grasp of graduate students' topic selection, deep-seated problem mining of scientific research, innovation model of research project research program methods, and innovation mechanism of postgraduate research incentives, were analyzed, aiming to enhance scientific research and innovation ability of graduate students．At the same time, it also could provide new ideas for education and training process of agricultural engineering graduate students in China．