Abstract: It is the premise to realize the structure optimization of agricultural machinery and equipment by analyzing the need of crops through all production processes. Based on making a comparative analysis of the need and the ownership for combine harvester, tillage machine and rice transplanting machine required by major food crops in the counties of Hubei Province ,it will provide the basis for transfering purchase of Agricultural Machinery Subsidy to the weak link in agricultural machinery and equipment. It will improve the level of agricultural mechanization in the weak link of agricultural production, and promote the quality of agricultural mechanization development of Hubei province.