中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 主管

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黑龙港地区高产夏玉米氮磷钾的吸收与积累规律

Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Absorption, Accumulation by High Yield Summer-sown Corn in Hei Longgang Plain

  • 摘要: 以高产玉米品种郑单958、先玉335和浚单20为试验材料,研究了黑龙港中低产区夏玉米植株氮、磷、钾营养的含量、吸收、积累及平衡吸收关系。结果表明:植株的氮、磷含量随着生育期延长逐渐降低,含钾量变化为单峰曲线,峰值出现在拔节期;而植株氮、磷、钾吸收量,则呈上升趋势。玉米生长期间的养分吸收并非同一速率,前期上升快,至最高峰后缓慢下降。在氮、磷、钾三要素中,氮、钾的吸收速率高,上升快,下降也快;而磷吸收速率慢,上升慢,下降亦慢。养分最大吸收速率出现的时期均为吐丝期,且以钾最大,氮次之,磷最小。到吐丝期的累计吸收比例均达到了50%以上。可见,在生产上保证生育前期充足的养分供应是获得高产的重要基础。

     

    Abstract: Taking Zhengdan958,Xianyu335,Jundan 20 as test materials,the experiment studied the N,P2O5,K2O content,absorption,accumulation amounts and equilibrium absorption of the summer-sown corn in the medium-low-yidld areas of Heilongjiang plain.The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus contents were decreased with the growth stage while the potassium content of maze showed a unimodal curve during,and the maximum was at the node protracted stage.But the N, P2O5 and K2O consumption was increased with growth stage. The rate of nutrient uptake was not in the same way all the time, but changed from one time to another. Usually, the rate was increased fast at early stages, and gradually decreased after reaching their peak.For N, P2O5 and K2O, the uptake rate for N and K2O was higher, and their increase and decrease were both fast while P2O5 was in reverse case. The time for the maximum absorptive rate appeared in the same time-the anthesis, and the bigger is K2O, followed by N, and then by P2O5 . All of their accumulation percentage of N, P2O5 and K2O was achieved 50% in the anthesis. It indicates that to assure enough nutrient is the basis of high yield.

     

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